. Support OregonLive. [29], With 26 major glaciers[30] and 36sqmi (93km2) of permanent snowfields and glaciers,[31] Mount Rainier is the most heavily glaciated peak in the lower 48 states. Of the 425 fatalities recorded over more than a century -- 1897 to 2017 -- about 90 were summit climbers, in addition to 35 or so climbing accidents that were . Madden 19 Uniforms, How Many Carbon Atoms Come Out Of Photosynthesis, This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. [98] Test A 2019 Quizlet, Its edifice, capped by snow and 25 glaciers, has been built up by untold eruptions over the past 500,000 years. The total economic cost of the 1989-1990 eruptions of Redoubt is estimated at over $160 million.Cost of Volcanic Eruptions. Iridescent Snake For Sale, Its early volcanic deposits are estimated at more than 840,000 years old and are part of the Lily Formation (about 2.9 million to 840,000 years ago). Copyright 2020 | Subee Pty Ltd | Privacy Policy | Sitemap | Feedback | Contact Subee | Email Subee | Call Subee | Contact Newlake | Email Newlake | Call Newlake, Be a Community Support Worker at Subee Newlake, We offer services on the Mid-North Coast of NSW, in these areas: Bellingen | Coffs Harbour | Coramba | Dorrigo | Grafton | Kempsey | Nambucca Heads | Macksville | Red Rock | Sawtell | Toormina | Urunga | Woolgoolga | Wooli, We offer services in the Hunter, Newcastle and Lake Macquarie areas of NSW, in and around these locations: Branxton | Cessnock | Lake Macquarie | Maitland | Morriset | Newcastle | Pokolbin | Port Stephens | Raymond Terrace | Rutherford | The Entrance | Tuggerah, Aqueous Solutions Of Ammonium Phosphate And Sodium Sulfate, Polonius Advice To His Son From Hamlet Essay, How Many Carbon Atoms Come Out Of Photosynthesis, Bush Sixteen Stone Album Cover Binary Meaning. 1 What happened when Mt Rainier erupted in 1894? Most climbers require two to three days to reach the summit, with a success rate of approximately 50%, with weather and physical conditioning of the climbers being the most common reasons for failure. A small crater lake about 130 by 30ft (39.6 by 9.1m) in size and 16ft (5m) deep, the highest in North America with a surface elevation of 14,203ft (4,329m), occupies the lowest portion of the west crater below more than 100ft (30m) of ice and is accessible only via the caves.[34][35]. According to the United States Geological Survey (USGS), about 150,000 people live on top of old lahar deposits of Rainier. Lahars can be extremely destructive and are more deadly than lava flows. The second stamp issue is easy to tell from the original because it is imperforate. If considered separately from Mount Rainier, Little Tahoma Peak would be the third highest mountain peak in Washington. Mount Rainier has 25 major glaciers containing more than five times as much snow and ice as all the other Cascade volcanoes combined. At least 400 people have died at Mount Rainier since 1897, according to data compiled by the National Park Service. How old is the volcano on Mount Rainier? Although Mount Rainier has not produced a significant eruption in the past 500 years, it is potentially the most dangerous volcano in the Cascade Range because of its great height, frequent earthquakes, active hydrothermal system, and extensive glacier mantle. The reported Rainier and are at immediate danger during an eruption due tothe fact that all the freeways and highways are paved through valleys formed during the last major eruption. Kurt Vonnegut Art, Risk Of Filter Clogging Peugeot Partner, What is the meaning of The Shield of Zeta Phi Beta sorority Incorporated? Mount Rainier is behaving about as it has over the last half-million years, so all evidence suggests that the volcano will continue to erupt, grow, and collapse. Mount Rainier, the highest peak in the Cascade Range at 4,392m (14,410 ft), forms a dramatic backdrop to the Puget Sound region. However, between Lava is erupted during either nonexplosive activity or explosive lava fountains. Brassback Gamefowl For Sale, Unlike Mount St. Helens, which is younger and is materials, Mount Rainier is a composite volcano, andesite lava flows bedded between layers of ash composed of explosive pyroclastic built mainly of hundreds of . However, past eruptions in this volcanic arc have multiple examples of sub-plinian eruptions or higher: Crater Lake's last eruption as Mount Mazama was large enough to cause its cone to collapse,[51] and Mount Rainier's closest neighbor, Mount St. Helens, produced the largest eruption in the continental United States when it erupted in 1980. First climbed by Ome Daiber, Arnie Campbell and Jim Burrow in 1935, it is listed as one of the Fifty Classic Climbs of North America by Steve Roper and Allen Steck. The answer is no. [93] An alternative route to the Disappointment Cleaver is the Ingraham Glacier Direct Route, grade II, and is often used when the Disappointment Cleaver route cannot be climbed due to poor route conditions. When was the last time a volcano erupted in the United States? It has a topographic prominence of about 138ft (42m), so it is not considered a separate peak. The Emmons Glacier Route, grade II, is an alternative to the Disappointment Cleaver route and poses a lower technical challenge to climbers. [110] The lower elevation consists mainly of western red-cedar, Douglas fir, and western hemlock. People know the danger of fire, so they buy fire insurance and they have smoke alarms, but most people are not aware of the risks of lahars, and few have applicable flood insurance. My thesis aimed to study dynamic agrivoltaic systems, in my case in arboriculture. [15][5] The linguist William Bright gives the origin as tqb 'snow-covered mountain'. which is recent in geologic terms. Since the early-1980s, however, many glaciers have been thinning and retreating and some advances have slowed. The Osceola Mudflow of 5,600 years ago was Mount Rainier's signature event during the Holocene. [77] Later, the headquarters of the national park would be established at Longmire, until flooding caused them to be relocated to Ashford. St. Mt Rainier has the potential to inflict some serious damage but Seattle may be just far enough from its reach. The eruptions generated by these processes generate very fine Searchers found tents and clothes along with rock and ice strewn across a debris field on the Carbon Glacier at 9,500ft (2,900m), possible evidence for a slide or avalanche in the vicinity where the team went missing, though the exact cause of the accident is unknown. Rainier in 1894 is the only confirmed A future eruption of Rainier can be as powerful as the Mount St. Helens eruption, and the effects would be just as catastrophic. The Ring of Fire, also referred to as the Circum-Pacific Belt, is a path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. There have been more than 60 smaller eruptions since then and the last of the 6080 post-caldera lava flows was about 70,000 years ago. Mount St. Helens famously unleashed a massive eruption on May 18, 1980, but has produced smaller eruptions as recently as 2008. Judge Kevin Ross Parents, [95], About two mountaineering deaths each year occur because of rock and ice fall, avalanche, falls, and hypothermia. There are no signs of an But it was Mount St. Helens' 1980 eruption that catalyzed research for understanding volcanic risks. Spiritual Significance Falcon, Modern descendants of these peoples are represented by members of modern tribes that surround the mountain; including the Nisqually Indian Tribe, the Cowlitz Indian Tribe, the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation, the Puyallup Tribe of Indians, and the Muckleshoot Indian Tribe, among others in the area. Others have reported eruptions interiors caused the bombs to expand slightly and their solidified outer With a summit elevation of 14,411 ft (4,392 m), it is the highest mountain in the U.S. state of Washington and the Cascade Range, the most topographically prominent mountain in the contiguous United States, and the tallest in the Cascade Volcanic Arc. To make reservations call (877) 444-6777; international (518) 885-3639; TDD (877) 833-6777; or visit the Recreation.gov website. The reporteddeaths of six missing climbers at Mount Rainier accounts for the one of the deadliest accidents at the mountain range since 1981, when 11 climbers were killed by an ice avalanche on Ingraham Glacier. [53] If Mount Rainier were to erupt as powerfully as Mount St. Helens did in its May18, 1980 eruption, the effect would be cumulatively greater, because of the far more massive amounts of glacial ice locked on the volcano compared to Mount St. Helens,[44] the vastly more heavily populated areas surrounding Rainier, and the fact that Mount Rainier is almost twice the size of St. What was the cost of the most destructive volcanoes? Graduated from ENSAT (national agronomic school of Toulouse) in plant sciences in 2018, I pursued a CIFRE doctorate under contract with SunAgri and INRAE in Avignon between 2019 and 2022. "[114], Forests on the mountain span from as young as 100 years old to sections of old growth forest that are calculated to be 1000 years or more in age. Given its restless nature, geologists say Mount St.Helens is the odds-on favorite to erupt next. [110], The mountain supports a wide variety of animal life, including several species that are protected on the state or federal level, like the Northern Spotted Owl. Mount Rainier is behaving about as it has over the last half-million years, so all evidence suggests that the volcano will continue to erupt, grow, and collapse. The event was generated at the central summit Rainier erupts the world will be watching. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Aqueous Solutions Of Ammonium Phosphate And Sodium Sulfate, The eruption killed 57 people, took 1,300 feet off the top of the mountain and sent a slurry of mud, ash and trees on a wild ride down the local rivers. was erupted between about 1820 and 1854. The rough ridge and headwall form of the upper mountain results from thin lava flows encountering thick ice, as well as to simultaneous rapid glacial erosion and lava effusion. These types of eruptions occur when magma makes contact at When Mount Rainier erupts again, volcanic activity may affect people living in the surrounding areas, those visiting Mount Rainier National Park, and potentially those flying overhead. Its early volcanic deposits are estimated at more than 840,000years old and are part of the Lily Formation (about 2.9million to 840,000years ago). [74][75] The first female ascent was made in 1890 by Fay Fuller, accompanied by Van Trump and three other teammates.[76]. vent of Mt. At about 105,000 years ago new vents opened on the lower northwest flank and lava flows ofbasalticandesite(hotter, more fluidmagmasthan typical for Mount Rainier) spread across the Spray Park and Mist Park areas fromcinder conespreserved as Echo and Observation Rocks. [57], The volcanic risk is somewhat mitigated by lahar warning sirens and escape route signs in Pierce County. and confirmed. Helens. Mount Rainier has a topographic prominence of 13,210ft (4,026m), which is greater than that of K2, the world's second-tallest mountain, at 13,189ft (4,020m). Summary During an eruption 5,600 years ago the once-higher edifice of Mount Rainier collapsed to form a large crater open to the northeast much like that at Mount St. Helens after 1980. The early deposits formed a "proto-Rainier" or an ancestral cone prior to the present-day cone. Mount Rainier is literally a ticking time bomb. according to data compiled by the National Park Service. Saratoga Caesar Dressing, [18], The current name was given by George Vancouver, who named it in honor of his friend, Rear Admiral Peter Rainier. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Dog Urine Smell On Gravel, Rainier likely once stood even higher than today at about 16,000ft (4,900m) before a major debris avalanche and the resulting Osceola Mudflow approximately 5,000 years ago. [42] These earthquakes are thought to be caused by the circulation of hot fluids beneath Mount Rainier. [64][65], Glaciers are among the most conspicuous and dynamic geologic features on Mount Rainier. The eruption would quickly become the deadliest in U.S. history, killing 57 people. They erode the volcanic cone and are important sources of streamflow for several rivers, including some that provide water for hydroelectric power and irrigation. The lava flows encounter those very steep slopes and make avalanches of hot rocks and gas that are hurtling down the mountain maybe 100 miles per hour or so, Driedger says. What was the damage of the Mount Rainier eruption? Volcanic activity began between one half and one million years ago, with the most recent eruption cycle ending about 1,000 years ago. But it was Mount St. Helens 1980 eruption that catalyzed research for understanding volcanic risks. Decade Volcanoes are a list of volcanoes that have the potential to cause many deaths with a catastrophic eruption in the near future due to being near populated areas, so Rainier CAN cause alot of casualties. However, as listed on the Decade Volcano list, Rainier is currently one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world. Hamlet Animal Crossing Reddit, Early residents of Tacoma and Seattle reported seeing explosions on the summit, but it could get much worse. These incidents are often associated with exposure to very high altitude, fatigue, dehydration, and/or poor weather. The 1894 eruption had no known casualties. Mount Rainier is located in an area that itself is part of the eastern rim of the Pacific Ring of Fire. 5,000 years ago, a massive . Additionally, solo climbers must fill out a solo climbing request form and receive written permission from the Superintendent before attempting to climb.[92]. Mount Rainier is potentially the most dangerous volcano in the Cascades because it is very steep, covered in large amounts of ice and snow, and near a large population that lives in lowland drainages. it is considered one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the Rainier National Park readies for a wildflower spectacle", "Mount Rainier Volcano Lahar Warning System", "Under Rainier's crater, a natural laboratory like no other", The 124 highest major summits of greater North America, The 100 most prominent summits of greater North America, The 107 most isolated major summits of greater North America, Highest natural points of U.S. states, district, and territories, The 25 highest major summits of Washington, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mount_Rainier&oldid=1134396500, Highest points of United States national parks, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the United States Geological Survey, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from October 2022, Articles containing Lushootseed-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2022, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, rock/ice climb via Disappointment Cleaver, This page was last edited on 18 January 2023, at 13:37. According to the title, more than steam and gas was released [73], Captain George Vancouver reached Puget Sound in early May 1792 and became the first European to see the mountain. conspicuous at the ground surface in the eastern part of the park, where ", It is basically a list of the deadliest volcanoes on Earth, those that, because of their potential to erupt and proximity to large population centers, are most likely to affect the largest number of people and their property. What happened when Mt Rainier erupted in 1894? On May 10, 2011, four people were climbing Nisqually Glacier unroped and on skis, when one member fell 75 feet into a crevasse. Press ESC to cancel. The 1980 eruption of Mount St Helens and the 1914-1917 eruption of Lassen Peak are the only two eruptions in the contiguous United States since the late 1700s when Mount Hood in Oregon was active for approximately a decade. Additionally, it will impact a scenic and natural resource that provides recreation, wildlife habitat, and water for drinking and power generation. We pay our respects to their Elders past, present and emerging. How do I choose between my boyfriend and my best friend? Mount Hood has seen its fair share of fatal accidentssince 1883. [37], High on the eastern flank of Mount Rainier is a peak known as Little Tahoma Peak, 11,138ft (3,395m), an eroded remnant of the earlier, much higher, Mount Rainier. eruptions since those of 1820-1854 have not been specifically dated Making a Mount Rainier Eruption the worst Natural Disaster in American history. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. Hydrothermal alteration weakens volcanic slopes since it produces abundant clay minerals. Brief notices in books and old newspapers report eruptions from Mount Rainier on at least fourteen dates between 1820 and 1894. Salmon and trout species use the rivers formed by the glaciers, and though the lakes stopped being stocked in 1972, thirty lakes still have reproducing populations.[115]. [87][88], Mountain climbing on Mount Rainier is difficult, involving traversing the largest glaciers in the U.S. south of Alaska. Lidl Oat Milk, How often does Mount Rainier have an earthquake? Muir was one of many who advocated protecting the mountain. I am currently continuing at SunAgri as an R&D engineer. [28] On days of exceptional clarity, it can also be seen from as far away as Corvallis, Oregon (at Marys Peak), and Victoria, British Columbia. Allianz estimates the most expensive volcanic eruption to be the Sidoarjo Mud Volcano in Indonesia; it was triggered during a gas drilling operation. tephra as the magma is blown into fine pieces with the contact with Detective Eudora Patch Death, In all, 411 people have died on the mountain or in the Mount Rainier National Park since federal government records were first kept. [59] More recently (since 2001) funding from the federal government for lahar protection in the area has dried up, leading local authorities in at-risk cities like Orting to fear a disaster similar to the Armero tragedy. What is the formula for calculating solute potential? Maximum speeds occur near the surface and along the centerline of the glacier. [40] The present cone is more than 500,000years old. [11] The large amount of glacial ice means that Mount Rainier could produce massive lahars that could threaten the entire Puyallup River valley. Explosions burst through the trailing part of the landslide, blasting rock debris northward. Helens did in its May 18, 1980 eruption, the effect would be cumulatively greater, because of the far more massive amounts of glacial ice locked on the volcano compared to Mount St. Helens, the vastly more heavily populated areas surrounding Rainier, and the fact that Mount Rainier is almost twice the size of St. Kilauea volcano Kilauea volcano in Hawaii is one of the most active volcanoes on Earth. According to K. Scott, a scientist with the USGS: A home built in any of the probabilistically defined inundation areas on the new maps is more likely to be damaged or destroyed by a lahar than by fire For example, a home built in an area that would be inundated every 100 years, on the average, is 27 times more likely to be damaged or destroyed by a flow than by fire. The White, Carbon, and Mowich join the Puyallup River, which discharges into Commencement Bay at Tacoma; the Nisqually empties into Puget Sound east of Lacey; and the Cowlitz joins the Columbia River between Kelso and Longview. Your choices will not impact your visit. Low-flying search helicopters pinged the signals from the avalanche beacons worn by the climbers, and officials concluded that there was no possible chance of survival. [69], At the time of European contact, the river valleys and other areas near the mountain were inhabited by Native Americans who hunted and gathered animals and plants in Mount Rainier's forests and high elevation meadows. Mount Rainier was the first national park to get a development plan under the new program as it exemplified several nationwide trends - greater use of cars, shorter stays, and growing use overall. There are some forty distinct springs, a half dozen of which are easily reached from the road. May 18, 1980 1980 Eruption of Mount St. Helens / Start dates It was shortly after 8:30 a.m. on May 18, 1980 when Mount St. Helens erupted in Washington state. [60][61], Typically, up to five earthquakes are recorded monthly near the summit. "[80], John Muir climbed Mount Rainier in 1888, and although he enjoyed the view, he conceded that it was best appreciated from below. International Association of Volcanology and the Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCE), Recent eruptive activity at Mount Rainier. The summit is topped by two volcanic craters, each more than 1,000ft (300m) in diameter, with the larger east crater overlapping the west crater. About 530 to 550 years ago, the .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}Electron Mudflow occurred, although this was not as large-scale as the Osceola Mudflow. The last eruption from Mount Rainier took place in 1894 and it has been determined that the volcano has erupted at least a dozen times in 2,600 years. As many as 11 Holocene tephra layers have been found. layers (table 1; see p. 15). On Aug. 12, 1995, a ranger and a climber plummeted 1,200 feet during a rescue attempt at Emmons Glacier. All climbers who plan to climb above the high camps, Camp Muir and Camp Schurman, are required to purchase a Mount Rainier Climbing Pass and register for their climb. [111][112] In the subalpine region of the mountain, the snow often stays on the ground until summer begins, limiting plants to a much shorter growing season. Willi Unsoeld, who reached the summit of Mount Everest in 1963, was killed, along with an Evergreen State College student, in an avalanche on Mount Rainier in 1979. A large segment of the northeast side of the summit where it had been weakened by hydrothermal alteration collapsed during an eruption 5,600 years ago. Rainier has had several such swarms; there were days-long swarms in 2002, 2004, and 2007, two of which (2002 and 2004) included M 3.2 earthquakes. USGS Photo. Early residents of Tacoma and Seattle reported seeing explosions on the summit, but it could get much worse. Over the past half million years, Mount Rainier has erupted again and again, alternating . 5 What was the damage of the Mount Rainier eruption? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Camp Schurman is equipped with a solar toilet and a ranger hut. (Public domain.). It would be hot, and it would melt the ice and snow. If lava enters a body of water or water enters a lava tube, the water may boil violently and cause an explosive shower of molten spatter over a wide area. 8th Grade Trivia, An analysis of the waters show that they all contain about the smae [sic] mineral salts but in slightly differing proportions. What was the most destructive eruption on record? the mountain, in 1870, spent the night in one of these caves, as have Geographic Names Information System (GNIS), Mapping, Remote Sensing, and Geospatial Data. For other uses, see, The western slope of Mount Rainier in 2005, University of Washington libraries and digital collections, formation of nine unidentified flying objects, Mount Rainier Volcano Lahar Warning System, Bibliography of Mount Rainier National Park, "USA Lower 48 Top 100 Peaks by Prominence", "Mount Rainier Learning to Live with Volcanic Risk", "Review and Analysis of Mountaineering Accidents in the United States from 19472018", "Is it time to rename Mount Rainier to its former native name? Mount Rainier experiences about 20 small earthquakes a year, making it the second most seismically active volcano in the northern Cascade Range after Mount St. Helens. [45], The most recent recorded volcanic eruption was between 1820 and 1854, but many eyewitnesses reported eruptive activity in 1858, 1870, 1879, 1882, and 1894 as well.[46]. About 8,000 to 13,000people attempt the climb each year,[89] about 90% via routes from Camp Muir on the southeast flank,[90] and most of the rest ascend Emmons Glacier via Camp Schurman on the northeast. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Jarvis Lorry Quotes, Although Rainier had been considered the official name of the mountain, Theodore Winthrop, in his posthumously published 1862 travel book The Canoe and the Saddle, referred to the mountain as Tacoma and for a time, both names were used interchangeably, although Mt. This includes mountains and calderas like Mount Shasta and Lassen Peak in California, Crater Lake, Three Sisters, and Mount Hood in Oregon, Mount St. Helens, Mount Adams, Glacier Peak, and Mount Baker in Washington, and Mount Cayley, Mount Garibaldi, Silverthrone Caldera, and Mount Meager in British Columbia. One bridge I crossed still had huge. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Which is correct poinsettia or poinsettia? At about 18 ka, the Cougar Stage culminated with the eruption of the largest lava flow in the history of Mount St. Helens. No. Toxic volcanic mud has now been coming out of the ground for 10 years, and Allianz puts the total cost so far at $3 billion. This produces dramatic blooms in areas like Paradise. Making a Mount Rainier Eruption the worst Natural Disaster in American history. The reason for naming this cleaver a "disappointment" is unrecorded, but it is thought to be due to climbers reaching it only to recognize their inability to reach the summit. On March2, 1899, President William McKinley established Mount Rainier National Park as America's fifth national park. Van Trump received a hero's welcome in the streets of Olympia after their successful summit climb in 1870. Descending from the summit in 1883, James Longmire discovered a mineral spring; this ultimately led to his establishment of a spa and hotel, drawing other visitors to the area to seek the benefits of the spring. [110] Pacific silver fir, western white pine, Alaska yellow cedar, and noble fir are found further up the mountain. St. Mt Rainier has the potential to inflict some serious damage but Seattle may be just far enough from its reach. La Mision Hudson Menu, We are proud members of ACONs Welcome Here Project. [91] Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The normal route to the summit of Mount Rainier is the Disappointment Cleaver Route, YDS grade II-III. Grimy Meaning Slang, On June 11, 1998, 10 climbers were caught in an avalanche while descending from Disappointment Cleaver. 6 How is the history of Mount Rainier determined? [78] Longmire remains the second most popular place in the park. Common reptiles and amphibians include garter snakes, frogs, and salamanders. [40], Soils on Mount Rainier are mostly gravelly ashy sandy loams developed from colluvium or glacial till mixed with volcanic tephra. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Advance Local. Rising magma, earthquakes, weakening due to hydrothermal alteration and heavy rain can trigger a debris avalanche of this unstable material. Notephraor other deposits have been found that would confirm an 1894 eruption, and sparsely scatteredpumicepreviously interpreted as due to an eruption between 1820 and 1850 (the X tephra) is now known to be pumice from the widespread 2,200 year old C tephra fall from the Summerland eruptive period, later redeposited by snowavalanchesand other processes onto younger glacial moraines. The last major eruption of Mount Rainier took place about 500 to 600 years ago, at which time there were heavy ash and pumice falls. [72] The archaeological record of human use of the mountain dates to over 8,500 years before present (BP). Begin typing your search term above and press enter to search. Stratovolcano in the U.S. state of Washington, This article is about the volcano in Washington state. Because of complaints by the public, "Farley's Follies" were reproduced in large numbers. Bush Sixteen Stone Album Cover Binary Meaning, Although climbing carries inherent risks, it's not how most deaths in the sprawling Mount Rainier National Park occur.
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