To improve clarity, you should avoid using Option Base 1. You can assign a date to a date variable through the assignment of a simple string: This assignment can function properly because LibreOffice Basic automatically converts the date value defined as a string into a date variable. The example first tests whether the B parameter has been passed and, if necessary, passes the same parameter to the internal B_Local variable. VBA: Unlike VBA, you cannot insert option buttons in a group of control elements in LibreOffice Basic. A number of UNO objects support the supportsService method, with which you can establish whether an object supports a particular service. Each placeholder within the template ensures that this item is formatted correspondingly in the output value. Whereas the Document.Tables.Add method takes on the task of creating and setting the table in VBA, this is created in LibreOffice Basic in accordance with the previous example using createInstance, initialized, and inserted in the document through insertTextContent. The formatting of the previous sections is then lost. This is called direct formatting. The preceding call returns a page object that supports the com.sun.star.drawing.DrawPage service. More extensive navigation options, such as the possibility of modifying values, are therefore not included. The selection ranges from simple text fields through list and combo boxes to various buttons. The following example shows how graphics (named Sky) already contained in LibreOffice can be used as a background for a chart. The status information remains valid until the program encounters a Resume or On Error command, whereupon the information is reset. The letter A stands for the column and the number 1 for the row. The top left cell is usually called A1 and the bottom right row is usually called Xn, where X stands for the letters of the top column and n for the numbers of the last row. Dialogs such as this one are described as modal because they do not permit any other program action until they are closed. LibreOffice provides control codes for this purpose. LibreOffice positions the control elements of a form at drawing object level. The Open instruction used to open the file contains the For Input expression in place of the For Output expression and, rather than the Print command for writing data, the Line Input instruction should be used to read the data. The second section focuses on efficiently working with text documents. As with all TextContent objects, a distinction is also made with text frames between the actual creation and insertion in the document. A . LibreOffice documents are based on the XML file format. For example, you can check whether a user has typed a valid number or date. LibreOffice Basic offers complete access to all LibreOffice functions, supports all functions, modifies document types, and provides options for creating personal dialog windows. The Statement object used to create the ResultSet provides some properties which allow the functions of the ResultSet to be influenced: The values defined in com.sun.star.sdbc.ResultSetConcurrency are: The com.sun.star.sdbc.ResultSetType group of constants provides the following specifications: Note: However there is one major difference: whereas the command format expects English abbreviations and decimal points or characters as thousands separators, the country-specified abbreviations must be used for the structure of a command format for the NumberFormats object. can define the digits after the decimal point in an expression: In the same way, zeros can be added in front of a number to achieve the desired length: A , represents the character that the operating system uses for a thousands separator, and the # stands for a digit or place that is only displayed if it is required by the input string. You can move the data from one list to the other using the buttons between the two list boxes. Note: This is an object-oriented programming interface which LibreOffice sub-divides into various objects which for their part ensure program-controlled access to the Office package. The return value of a function can be any type. The Model property provides program-controlled access to the model of dialog and control element objects. The first central line creates the Doc document variable, which references the current spreadsheet document (Doc line = StarDesktop.CurrentComponent). Templates for formatting characters, paragraphs, and pages, Non-text elements such as tables, graphics and drawing objects, A period within a search expression stands for any character. This code works only if the macro is started from the document itself! There are no practical limits on the indexes or on the number of elements in an array, so long as there is enough memory: Note: In the same way, the following example checks whether MyTime is between 12 and 14 hours. The following functions are available in LibreOffice Basic to retrieve the system time and system date: Working with files is one of the basic tasks of an application. The LibreOffice API provides two options for creating objects. The following example formats the B2 cell so that numbers are displayed with three decimal places and use commas as a thousands separator. The command: specifies a delay of 2 seconds (2000 milliseconds). Basic Guide - Computer Science and Engineering | Engineering 257x267px Use thereof is explained in our trademark policy (see Project:Copyrights for details). Anyone who is already familiar with LibreOffice Basic programming can find additional information in the Developer's Guide on LibreOffice Basic and LibreOffice programming. In dialogs, the distinction between data and depiction is not always as clear as in other API areas of LibreOffice. By using Option Compatible, LibreOffice Basic behaves like VBA. These are: The code for saving a document can be extended by these options so that the document is only saved if the object has actually been modified and the file name is only queried if it is actually needed: The example first checks whether the relevant document has been modified since it was last saved. You can also use the following style to declare an integer type variable: The Dim instruction can record several variable declarations: If you want to assign the variables to a permanent type, you must make separate assignments for each variable: If you do not declare the type for a variable, LibreOffice Basic assigns the variable a variant type. The two functions are handled identically. List boxes (com.sun.star.awt.UnoControlListBox service) support the following properties: List boxes provide the following methods: The model object of the list boxes provides the following properties: Note: It calls a text document, which contains a StyleFamilies object and uses this to in turn make the paragraph templates (ParagraphStyles) of the document available. For detailed information check out our wiki page. This represents the content of a complete database table or query. All the options specified here are based on the user interface from LibreOffice. Then it iterates through the entire text, sentence by sentence, and highlights each of the first words and formats this in bold. This is described in the #Database Forms chapter. To do this, you first create a standard LibreOffice Writer or LibreOffice Calc form and then link the fields to a database. So Replace("This is a test", " ", "_") yields "This_is_a_test" :D. Warning: The column objects support the com.sun.star.table.TableColumn service that has the following properties: The width of a column is only optimized when the OptimalWidth property is set to True. Drawing objects include shapes (rectangles, circles, and so on), lines, and text objects. Several TextCursor objects can even be opened for the same document and used in various positions, which are independent of one another. Here is an overview of the most important formatting properties and the points at which they are explained: The format properties are by no means restricted to the applications in which these are explained, but instead can be used universally. The model object of a form button provides the following properties: Through the ButtonType property, you have the opportunity to define an action that is automatically performed when the button is pressed. You can access individual pages either through their number or their name. Text fields provide the following properties: The following properties are provided through the associated model object: A date field makes it possible to enter, display and edit date values. Microsoft based its Windows product on the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) character set, which was gradually extended to include characters that are missing from the ASCII character set. LibreOffice does not limit the number of pages in a drawing document. This distinction is not made in LibreOffice Basic, because charts in LibreOffice Calc are always created as embedded objects of a table page. Line charts provide the following properties: Area charts (com.sun.star.chart.AreaDiagram service) support two X-axes, two Y-axes and one Z-axis. If nothing is assigned, the function returns a zero value (number 0 for numerical values and a blank for strings). In addition to single dimensional data fields, LibreOffice Basic also supports work with multi-dimensional data fields. The inner loop processes the paragraph portions in these paragraphs. In addition to the program code to be executed, an LibreOffice Basic program can also contain comments that explain the individual parts of the program and provide important information that can be helpful at a later point. The structure of the associated event objects is defined in the com.sun.star.awt.MouseEvent structure which provides the following information: The constants defined in com.sun.star.awt.MouseButton for the mouse buttons are: The following example outputs the mouse position as well as the mouse button that was pressed: Note: Text frames are considered to be TextContent objects, just like tables and graphs. If there is no highlighted area, the text is inserted at the present TextCursor position. The assignment does not need to be placed at the end of the function, but can be made anywhere in the function. The LibreOffice API provides you with a whole range of objects with which you can create, open and modify Office documents. LibreOffice then creates a list of the associated cell names for each of these tables. The Option Explicit switch should be included in all Basic modules. These include bold type and the font type. Several common examples to tell users how to write macros in different applications. If the file name contains sub-directories, then these are separated by a single forward slash, not with a backslash usually used under Windows. If you click on Yes, the new or changed styles will be copied into the document. The runtime library: Provides standard functions which have no direct reference to LibreOffice, for example, functions for editing numbers, strings, date values, and files. This guide provides an introduction to programming with LibreOffice Basic. And a title for the X-axis was added. The best way to learn Python is a simple text editor with syntax highlighting. Furthermore, the following methods are provided through the view object of the list box: LibreOffice forms can be directly linked to a database. The next line inwards is the inner border of the shape and marks the transition to the first hole. The com.sun.star.sheet.TablePageStyle service is only used in LibreOffice Calc page styles and allows cell ranges that you want printed to be centered on the page. The following example moves the B2:C3 range so that the range starts at position A6: In addition to the CellRangeAdress structure, the moveRange method expects a com.sun.star.table.CellAddress structure to define the origin of the move's target region. When you port a VBA application to LibreOffice Basic, you must change any duplicate variable names. The functions for writing the HTML file, as well as a test code that checks the font weight of the corresponding text portions and provides paragraph portions in bold type with a corresponding HTML tag, have been added. This is used to define a gradient that specifies the transparency of a fill area. For more information and examples of this service, see #Formatting Spreadsheet Documents. The following example creates two objects that reference the first row and the first column of a sheet and stores the references in the FirstCol and FirstRow object variables. Note: The LINE_TOP value of the VertOrient property ensures that the upper edge of the text frame is at the same height as the upper edge of the character. . The expression MB_YESNOCANCEL + MB_DEFBUTTON3 is harder to write, but easier to understand. As in the old API from LibreOffice, searching and replacing text in the new API is also performed using the document object. The following example shows how the models of the control elements of a group can be iterated, exemplary displaying the states of all control elements in a given group: The code corresponds to the previous example for determining a simple control element model. The code used in the example first checks whether the database is password protected. In this example, the counter begins at 10 and is reduced by 1 at the end of each pass until the counter is 1. If the cursor of LibreOffice is in a cell, then the name of that cell can be seen in the status bar. This code inserts a drawing element in a page and then adds text to the top left corner of the drawing object using the TextVerticalAdjust and TextHorizontalAdjust properties. LibreOffice provides the com.sun.star.text.TextCursor service for more complicated tasks, including navigating backward within a document or navigating based on sentences and words rather than TextPortions. A string variable can store up to 65535 characters. The following sections present the central functions of the runtime library: In many situations, circumstances arise in which a variable of one type has to be changed into a variable of another type. The chart wall is the background of the coordinate system where the data is plotted. The type declaration symbol for a single variable is !. MsgBox displays a basic information box, which can have one or more buttons. This includes the distance of the paragraph from the edge of the page as well as line spacing. You cannot modify the objects once they are in the group. The cell objects are available through the getCellByName() method of the table object. All drawing objects that can have a border line support the com.sun.star.drawing.LineStyle service. The Weekday function returns the number of the weekday for the transferred date: Note: In the first two examples, the code within the loop may not be executed at all ("do 0 times" logic). Note: Once the Dlg dialog object has been initialized, you can use the Execute method to display the dialog. VBA: The rules for constructing markers are different in LibreOffice Basic than in VBA. For Each loops do not use an explicit counter like a ForNext loop does. However, in drawing documents the descriptor objects for searching and replacing are not created directly through the document object, but rather through the associated character level. The, a Boolean variable which specifies whether the, com.sun.star.text.textfield.CharacterCount. If you want to administer a numerical value (for example a database ID) in addition to the natural language text, you must create an auxiliary data field that administers in parallel to the list box. For example, you can define an array to contain all the words in a text that begin with the letter A. To do this, it first creates a TextCursor object which makes reference to the content of the table cell and then adapts the paragraph properties of the table cell. If you want to specify the type of a data, use a typed variable, not a constant. Before a text file is accessed, it must first be opened. Templates are auxiliary documents. This function creates directories and sub-directories. The following keyboard events are available in LibreOffice Basic: Both events relate to logical key actions and not to physical actions. In LibreOffice Basic, the formatting properties on the other hand are available directly, using the relevant objects (TextCursor, Paragraph, and so on). The main properties of this service are described in the following sections. Note: Whereas in VBA the paragraphs are accessed by their number (for example, by the Paragraph(1) call), in LibreOffice Basic, the Enumeration object described previously should be used. VBA: Different terminology for spreadsheets and their content is used in VBA and LibreOffice Basic. To specify that a parameter is to be passed as a value, ensure that the ByVal keyword precedes the variable declaration in the function header. In addition to inserting text fields, searching a document for the fields can also be an important task. The declaration can only be made using the supplement As Boolean. The execute method of the dialog returns the value 0, which is the same as when you click Cancel. The gradient starts with red (StartColor) in the top left corner, and extends at a 45 degree angle (Angle) to green (EndColor) in the bottom right corner. At the end, the drawing object is assigned to a page using a Page.add call. This allows to determine the position and size of the elements using the Position and Size properties. VBA: Unlike in VBA, the first column has the index 0 and not the index 1. The most common paragraph properties are: The following example demonstrates how to work with formatting information. RectangleShape.String = "This is a test" The text frame is therefore inserted directly in the text flow and behaves like a character. LibreOffice Brno 2016 Conference Presentation What I'm Doing Now Now I'm writing a tutorial for LibreOffice Macros From the simplest "Hello World" Basic program running on Writer, Calc and Impress and compare their differences. This includes the interfaces and services for creating, opening, saving, converting, and printing documents and for template administration. Just as with the search function, the replacement function from LibreOffice is also available in LibreOffice Basic. Both interfaces provide you with an object, through which the properties for searching and replacing can be defined. The example inserts one number, one text, and one formula in the fields A1 to A3. In the simplest scenario, these are the X and Y-axes. The type declaration symbol for an integer variable is %. The previous section has already discussed a whole range of options for editing text documents, focusing on the com.sun.star.text.TextPortion and com.sun.star.text.Paragraph services, which grant access to paragraph portions as well as paragraphs. The control element can be reached using Event.Source and its model using Event.Source.Model. The individual styles can be accessed directly by means of an index: The loop added since the previous example displays the names of all cell styles one after another in a message box. The Diagram object provides the following properties to access the axes: The axis objects of a LibreOffice chart support the com.sun.star.chart.ChartAxis service. Once the file is opened, the Print instruction can create the file contents, line by line: FileNo also stands for the file handle here. In addition to an object for individual cells (com.sun.star.table.Cell service), LibreOffice also provides objects that represent cell ranges. As can be seen in the example, the insertTextContent method expects not only the Content object to be inserted, but two other parameters: Note: Correspondingly, two different access methods are defined there for charts. This is positioned between the first and second word of the text. The procedure saves the individual file names in the AllFiles variable and then displays this in a message box. The argument of the method is the position, counted from 0, of the existing page after which the new page will be inserted. You can open a dialog with the following code: CreateUnoDialog creates an object called Dlg that references the associated dialog. XIndexContainer provides methods for inserting and removing elements. Python libraries help organize modules in order to prevent module name collisions. To do this, a free file handle is needed, which clearly identifies the file for subsequent file access. the property is unclear. By means of the (non-genuine) properties LeftText, CenterText, and RightText, this service provides three text elements for the headers and footers of LibreOffice Calc. A SearchDescriptor is an object which supports the com.sun.star.util. A LibreOffice Basic program can contain dozens, hundreds, or even thousands of markers, which are names for variables, constants, functions . The counter is incremented by 1 at the end of each pass. The fourth variant is the option of projecting existing graphics into the fill area. In the preceding example, if we replace the ChangeValue function then the superordinate variable A remains unaffected by this change. They define sets of methods for abstract tasks which can be applied to various problems. You can navigate through the control elements in any dialog by pressing the Tab key. They can, however, only be used in tables that do not contain merged table cells. Text tables are available in LibreOffice through the TextTables list of the document object. The value is then changed to 20 and passed to TheValue, which is retained when the function is exited. However, unlike a procedure, a function provides a return value. They work in all applications of LibreOffice and help to significantly simplify formatting. The date is formatted here in accordance with the country-specific settings used on the system. Note: The double array in the definition allows you to create complex shapes by merging several polygons. Those format properties that refer to individual characters are described as character properties. The headers and footers of a document form part of the page properties and are defined using the com.sun.star.style.PageProperties service. Some central interfaces are used so frequently, triggered by different services, that they are shown again at the end of this chapter. In #Cells and Ranges, the following example has the qualifiers in the Case statements written out completely, for clarity. The names of the Basic modules (by default Module1, Module2, etc) are known by Basic on a public scope. If, on the other hand, the Basic interpreter first converts the start values B and C into a string and applies the plus operator to the result, it produces the string 11. The FileProperties array has two elements, one for each option used. To simplify access to the tables, LibreOffice, however, provides some methods which operate using columns. The 0 character within the template ensures that a number is always placed at the corresponding point. The following example creates a line chart. In addition to the standard control elements, a table control element is also available for forms, which enables the complete incorporation of database tables. If the position of the cell is fixed, it is more clear to use the following code: The above code also works with a named cell. The second parameter specifies the number of columns to be inserted (in this example: one). If you want to change the size or position of control elements for runtime, determine the total size of the dialog and adjust the values for the control elements to the corresponding part ratios. In the past, the ResultSet object provided the resident methods in the Application object for navigation within the data, for example, DataNextRecord ). If the user changes one of the attributes of a style, then LibreOffice automatically adjusts all document sections depending on the attribute. Basic languages are designed to be easy to use. A TextCursor object is created using the createTextCursor call: The Cursor object created in this way supports the com.sun.star.text.TextCursor service, which in turn provides a whole range of methods for navigating within text documents. In many situations, it is useful to group several individual drawing objects together so that they behave as a single large object. You can also edit documents or open databases with event handling as well as access other control elements. Example declarations for integer variables: Long integer variables can store any whole number between 2147483648 and 2147483647. The document object of a spreadsheet is based on the com.sun.star.sheet.SpreadsheetDocument service. The LibreOffice Basic programmer can access the values through the Position property. The interaction between the AnchorType (from the TextContent Service) and VertOrient (from the BaseFrameProperties Service) properties should be noted here. Here are a few examples of Variant variables: The variables declared in the previous example can even be used for different variable types in the same program. The following path references the test.odt file in the doc directory on the C: drive: file:///C:/doc/test.odt Styles deleted from the template are not removed from documents. The text fields found are checked for the service supported using the supportsService method. Finally the code sets the Label property of the control element to the New Label value. Here are a few examples of correct and incorrect markers: Enclosing a variable name in square brackets allows names that might otherwise be disallowed; for example, spaces. For this purpose, the com.sun.star.sheet.TablePageStyle service provides the following properties: Whereas the previous section described the main structure of spreadsheet documents, this section describes the services that allow you to easily access individual cells or cell ranges. If a document has one page and this is called Slide 1, then the following examples are identical. You will find a range of examples which use these methods in the following sections. 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